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Databases & SQL curriculum

A project-based relational database course covering querying, joins, schema design, normalization, constraints, transactions, views, indexes, query plans, application integration, and scaling.

Introductory relational databases / SQL

Databases & SQL curriculum

A project-based relational database course covering querying, joins, schema design, normalization, constraints, transactions, views, indexes, query plans, application integration, and scaling.

Pacing
7 units, 12-22 weeks self-paced
Units
7 unit sequence
Practice
560 checked answers
Support
Self-paced or tutor-guided
Outcomes
  • Write correct SQL queries and explain their relational meaning.
  • Design normalized schemas with explicit keys, constraints, and transaction boundaries.
  • Use query plans, indexes, tests, and data-integrity checks before attempting scale.
Course command center

Know what to study, what to repair, and where to jump next

This track is organized as a mastery loop: source study, sequenced checks, Khan report evidence, then tutor handoff only when the data shows a real stuck point.

7
Units
560
Checks
80-80/unit
Range
Mastery loop
  1. 01Study

    Use linked OER and companion sources before attempting checks.

  2. 02Practice

    Move through numbered PeerTutor problems without skipping failed gates.

  3. 03Mirror

    Enter Khan report evidence and let the adaptive plan rank repair units.

  4. 04Handoff

    Bring exact misses, notes, and one sharp question to a tutor.

Practice architecture

The bank is intentionally mixed across facets and difficulty so high scores cannot come from one narrow question style.

Facets
Concept141
Fluency27
Application96
Analysis90
Exam Readiness59
Metacognition147
Difficulty
Foundation217
Developing91
Proficient140
Advanced112

Video companion links

Use these linked courses for video instruction and mastery practice, then return here for PeerTutor original checks and tutor help on the exact unit that got stuck.

External video content is linked or embedded through provider-hosted players, not copied. PeerTutor practice is original and cites each source path separately.

Provider-hosted video

Embedded video companion

Watch the strongest public video path inside PeerTutor, then use the unit checks below to prove the student can actually do the work.

2 embeds
CS50

CS50x sections

Use for programming, algorithms, memory, data structures, Python, SQL, and web section walkthroughs.

computer scienceprogrammingcoursewareOpen on YouTube
freeCodeCamp

freeCodeCamp programming library

Use for long-form project tutorials in Python, JavaScript, data science, machine learning, and web development.

programmingprojectslong-formOpen on YouTube
Khan progress mirror

Mirror outside mastery into PeerTutor practice

Khan Academy progress has to be entered from the student or tutor report. Khan does not provide a supported public progress API, so this mirror stores unit status locally and uses it to target PeerTutor checks.

0%
Avg
0
Mastered
7
Review
Khan report mirror

Khan Academy does not provide a supported public progress API or external API keys. PeerTutor stores student-provided report evidence and maps it to original practice instead.

Adaptive study plan

Practice Querying relational data next

0 repair units and 5 practice units need attention before extension.

Unit 1practiceQuerying relational data

No Khan mirror data yet; this is a normal practice candidate, not a proven weakness.

Complete 12 sequenced checks and advance only after misses are corrected.

Khan 0%80 PeerTutor checks
Unit 2practiceRelating tables with joins

No Khan mirror data yet; this is a normal practice candidate, not a proven weakness.

Complete 12 sequenced checks and advance only after misses are corrected.

Khan 0%80 PeerTutor checks
Unit 3practiceSchema design and normalization

No Khan mirror data yet; this is a normal practice candidate, not a proven weakness.

Complete 12 sequenced checks and advance only after misses are corrected.

Khan 0%80 PeerTutor checks
Unit 4practiceWriting and transactions

No Khan mirror data yet; this is a normal practice candidate, not a proven weakness.

Complete 12 sequenced checks and advance only after misses are corrected.

Khan 0%80 PeerTutor checks
Unit 5practiceViews, triggers, and database interfaces

No Khan mirror data yet; this is a normal practice candidate, not a proven weakness.

Complete 12 sequenced checks and advance only after misses are corrected.

Khan 0%80 PeerTutor checks
Unit 1Querying relational dataRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Querying relational data", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Use SELECT, filtering, sorting, expressions, aggregates, grouping, and null semantics. · Translate questions into deterministic queries.
Unit 2Relating tables with joinsRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Relating tables with joins", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Use primary and foreign keys plus inner, outer, cross, and self joins. · Detect duplicate amplification and missing relationships.
Unit 3Schema design and normalizationRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Schema design and normalization", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Model entities, relationships, cardinality, types, constraints, and normal forms. · Separate facts to prevent update anomalies.
Unit 4Writing and transactionsRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Writing and transactions", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Use INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, upserts, transactions, isolation concepts, and rollback. · Preserve invariants under failure and concurrency.
Unit 5Views, triggers, and database interfacesRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Views, triggers, and database interfaces", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Use views, triggers, stored logic carefully, and parameterized application queries. · Protect data boundaries and avoid injection.
Unit 6Indexes and query optimizationRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Indexes and query optimization", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Read query plans and use indexes based on measured access paths. · Recognize full scans, poor selectivity, and unnecessary work.
Unit 7Scaling and final database projectRepair before advancing

Rebuild the unit: do 12 PeerTutor checks, log every miss, then ask a tutor from the error log.

Khan evidence to mirror: percent/mastery for "Scaling and final database project", missed skill, last activity date, and the next Khan item assigned by the teacher report.

Mapped skills: Compare SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MySQL tradeoffs plus replication, caching, and partitioning concepts. · Ship a tested schema and query portfolio.
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Unit sequence

Built for independent progress first, then tutor support where the student gets stuck.

  1. 01

    Querying relational data

    • Use SELECT, filtering, sorting, expressions, aggregates, grouping, and null semantics.
    • Translate questions into deterministic queries.

    Practice: Answer a dataset question set and explain the row set produced at each query stage.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Use SELECT, filtering, sorting, expressions, aggregates, grouping, and null semantics.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Answer a dataset question set and explain the row set produced at each query stage.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Translate questions into deterministic queries.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/21
    Fluency0/4
    Application0/14
    Analysis0/13
    Exam Readiness0/7
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkConceptfoundationNext

    A loop for Querying relational data runs once for each value 0 through 3. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessConceptfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Querying relational data"?

    #4Practice artifactApplicationfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Querying relational data" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetConceptfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Querying relational data"?

    #6Second targetConceptfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Querying relational data"?

  2. 02

    Relating tables with joins

    • Use primary and foreign keys plus inner, outer, cross, and self joins.
    • Detect duplicate amplification and missing relationships.

    Practice: Build a multi-table report and prove its row counts with intermediate checks.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Use primary and foreign keys plus inner, outer, cross, and self joins.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Build a multi-table report and prove its row counts with intermediate checks.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Detect duplicate amplification and missing relationships.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/21
    Fluency0/4
    Application0/14
    Analysis0/13
    Exam Readiness0/7
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkConceptfoundationNext

    A loop for Relating tables with joins runs once for each value 0 through 4. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessConceptfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Relating tables with joins"?

    #4Practice artifactApplicationfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Relating tables with joins" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetConceptfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Relating tables with joins"?

    #6Second targetConceptfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Relating tables with joins"?

  3. 03

    Schema design and normalization

    • Model entities, relationships, cardinality, types, constraints, and normal forms.
    • Separate facts to prevent update anomalies.

    Practice: Turn a messy spreadsheet into a normalized schema with an ER diagram and written invariants.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Model entities, relationships, cardinality, types, constraints, and normal forms.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Turn a messy spreadsheet into a normalized schema with an ER diagram and written invariants.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Separate facts to prevent update anomalies.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/21
    Fluency0/4
    Application0/14
    Analysis0/13
    Exam Readiness0/7
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkConceptfoundationNext

    A loop for Schema design and normalization runs once for each value 0 through 5. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessConceptfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Schema design and normalization"?

    #4Practice artifactApplicationfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Schema design and normalization" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetConceptfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Schema design and normalization"?

    #6Second targetConceptfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Schema design and normalization"?

  4. 04

    Writing and transactions

    • Use INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, upserts, transactions, isolation concepts, and rollback.
    • Preserve invariants under failure and concurrency.

    Practice: Implement a multi-step write transaction and test success, validation failure, and rollback behavior.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Use INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, upserts, transactions, isolation concepts, and rollback.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Implement a multi-step write transaction and test success, validation failure, and rollback behavior.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Preserve invariants under failure and concurrency.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/21
    Fluency0/4
    Application0/14
    Analysis0/13
    Exam Readiness0/7
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkConceptfoundationNext

    A loop for Writing and transactions runs once for each value 0 through 6. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessConceptfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Writing and transactions"?

    #4Practice artifactApplicationfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Writing and transactions" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetConceptfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Writing and transactions"?

    #6Second targetConceptfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Writing and transactions"?

  5. 05

    Views, triggers, and database interfaces

    • Use views, triggers, stored logic carefully, and parameterized application queries.
    • Protect data boundaries and avoid injection.

    Practice: Create a safe reporting view and an application query layer with explicit inputs and outputs.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Use views, triggers, stored logic carefully, and parameterized application queries.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Create a safe reporting view and an application query layer with explicit inputs and outputs.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Protect data boundaries and avoid injection.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/21
    Fluency0/4
    Application0/14
    Analysis0/13
    Exam Readiness0/7
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkConceptfoundationNext

    A loop for Views, triggers, and database interfaces runs once for each value 0 through 7. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessConceptfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Views, triggers, and database interfaces"?

    #4Practice artifactApplicationfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Views, triggers, and database interfaces" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetConceptfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Views, triggers, and database interfaces"?

    #6Second targetConceptfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Views, triggers, and database interfaces"?

  6. 06

    Indexes and query optimization

    • Read query plans and use indexes based on measured access paths.
    • Recognize full scans, poor selectivity, and unnecessary work.

    Practice: Profile a slow query, add or revise one index, and compare plans and timings.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Read query plans and use indexes based on measured access paths.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Profile a slow query, add or revise one index, and compare plans and timings.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Recognize full scans, poor selectivity, and unnecessary work.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/21
    Fluency0/4
    Application0/14
    Analysis0/13
    Exam Readiness0/7
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkConceptfoundationNext

    A loop for Indexes and query optimization runs once for each value 0 through 8. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessConceptfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Indexes and query optimization"?

    #4Practice artifactApplicationfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Indexes and query optimization" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetConceptfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Indexes and query optimization"?

    #6Second targetConceptfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Indexes and query optimization"?

  7. 07

    Scaling and final database project

    • Compare SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MySQL tradeoffs plus replication, caching, and partitioning concepts.
    • Ship a tested schema and query portfolio.

    Practice: Deliver a database-backed project with migrations, seed data, constraints, transactions, query-plan evidence, and recovery notes.

    Unit work plan
    1. 1
      Source study

      Start with CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL and CS50x OpenCourseWare. Take notes until you can explain: Compare SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MySQL tradeoffs plus replication, caching, and partitioning concepts.

    2. 2
      Foundation gate

      Do the first sequenced checks until the definitions, vocabulary, and setup are correct without hints.

    3. 3
      Transfer gate

      Produce the assignment artifact, then pass the application and analysis checks tied to: Deliver a database-backed project with migrations, seed data, constraints, transactions, query-plan evidence, and recovery notes.

    4. 4
      Repair loop

      Any miss becomes an error-log entry, a clean redo, and one nearby transfer problem before advancing.

    5. 5
      Tutor handoff

      Bring your attempted work, the exact missed check, and one question about: Ship a tested schema and query portfolio.

    Sequenced original practice checks

    Move in order: foundation, transfer, analysis, timed readiness, then metacognitive repair.

    6 shown / 80 checked answers
    Exercise path
    Foundation: 31Developing: 13Proficient: 20Advanced: 16

    Start the next sequenced check: #1 Trace check. Do not jump ahead until this one is correct.

    Learning analysis
    0/80
    Tried
    0
    Correct
    0%
    Mastery

    Weakest facet: Concept

    Concept0/15
    Fluency0/3
    Application0/12
    Analysis0/12
    Exam Readiness0/17
    Metacognition0/21
    #1Trace checkExam ReadinessfoundationNext

    A loop for Scaling and final database project runs once for each value 0 through 9. How many times does it run?

    #2Implementation disciplineConceptfoundation

    Which implementation is easiest to test?

    #3Unit readinessExam Readinessfoundation

    Which target best matches the Databases & SQL unit "Scaling and final database project"?

    #4Practice artifactExam Readinessfoundation

    Which practice artifact should you produce for "Scaling and final database project" before asking a tutor for help?

    #5Unit targetExam Readinessfoundation

    Which target best proves readiness for "Scaling and final database project"?

    #6Second targetExam Readinessfoundation

    Which second target belongs to "Scaling and final database project"?

Source library

These are source links, not scraped course copies. Licenses differ, so the label tells students how each source is used.

View the full citation index
Databases & SQL curriculum · PeerTutor